Examples¶

The following examples show how to use the loader APIs:

1.1 Parsing a Workflow¶

This sample shows how to read a CWL document from a remote public URL:

In [1]:

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from cwl_loader import load_cwl_from_location

# cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location('https://github.com/eoap/zarr-cloud-native-format/releases/download/0.3.0/app-water-bodies.0.3.0.cwl')

cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location("/home/stripodi/Downloads/hotspot.cwl")
from cwl_loader import load_cwl_from_location

# cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location('https://github.com/eoap/zarr-cloud-native-format/releases/download/0.3.0/app-water-bodies.0.3.0.cwl')

cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location("/home/stripodi/Downloads/hotspot.cwl")

2026-05-05 12:08:04.187 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_location:225 - Loading CWL document from /home/stripodi/Downloads/hotspot.cwl...

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[1], line 5
      1 from cwl_loader import load_cwl_from_location
      2 
      3 # cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location('https://github.com/eoap/zarr-cloud-native-format/releases/download/0.3.0/app-water-bodies.0.3.0.cwl')
      4 
----> 5 cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location("/home/stripodi/Downloads/hotspot.cwl")

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.14.4/x64/lib/python3.14/site-packages/cwl_loader/__init__.py:263, in load_cwl_from_location(path, cwl_version, sort, session)
    261         return _load_cwl_from_stream(f)
    262 else:
--> 263     raise ValueError(f"Invalid source {path}: not a URL or existing file path")

ValueError: Invalid source /home/stripodi/Downloads/hotspot.cwl: not a URL or existing file path

1.2 Serializing¶

This sample shows how to write a CWL document to a stream (string, file, ...):

In [2]:

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from cwl_loader import dump_cwl
import sys

dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)
from cwl_loader import dump_cwl
import sys

dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[2], line 4
      1 from cwl_loader import dump_cwl
      2 import sys
      3 
----> 4 dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)

NameError: name 'cwl_document' is not defined

2.1 Parsing a CommandLineTool¶

This sample shows how to read a CWL document from a remote public URL:

In [3]:

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cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location(
    "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/application-package-patterns/refs/heads/main/templates/stage-in-file.cwl"
)
cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location(
    "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/application-package-patterns/refs/heads/main/templates/stage-in-file.cwl"
)

2026-05-05 12:08:04.319 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_location:225 - Loading CWL document from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/application-package-patterns/refs/heads/main/templates/stage-in-file.cwl...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.400 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_load_cwl_from_stream:228 - Reading stream from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/application-package-patterns/refs/heads/main/templates/stage-in-file.cwl...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.407 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_stream:195 - CWL data of type <class 'ruamel.yaml.comments.CommentedMap'> successfully loaded from stream

2026-05-05 12:08:04.408 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:115 - Updating the model from version 'v1.0' to version 'v1.2'...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.409 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:130 - Raw CWL document successfully updated to v1.2!

2026-05-05 12:08:04.410 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:136 - Parsing the raw CWL document to the CWL Utils DOM...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.793 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:145 - Raw CWL document successfully parsed to the CWL Utils DOM!

2026-05-05 12:08:04.793 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:147 - Dereferencing the steps[].run...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.794 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:151 - steps[].run successfully dereferenced! Dereferencing the FQNs...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.794 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:155 - CWL document successfully dereferenced! Now verifying steps[].run integrity...

2026-05-05 12:08:04.795 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:161 - All steps[].run link are resolvable!

2026-05-05 12:08:04.796 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:164 - Sorting Process instances by dependencies....

2026-05-05 12:08:04.796 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:166 - Sorting process is over.

2026-05-05 12:08:04.797 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_load_cwl_from_stream:238 - Stream from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/application-package-patterns/refs/heads/main/templates/stage-in-file.cwl successfully load!

2.2 Serializing¶

This sample shows how to write a CWL document to a stream (string, file, ...):

In [4]:

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dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)
dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)

id: my-asthonishing-stage-in-file
class: CommandLineTool
inputs:
- id: reference
  label: Reference URL
  doc: An URL to stage
  type: 
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URI
- id: another_input
  label: Another Input
  doc: An additional input for demonstration purposes
  type: string
outputs:
- id: staged
  type: File
  outputBinding:
    glob: staged
requirements:
- class: NetworkAccess
  networkAccess: true
- class: SchemaDefRequirement
  types:
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Date
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Date/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#DateTime
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#DateTime/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Duration
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Duration/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Email
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Email/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Hostname
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Hostname/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNEmail
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNEmail/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNHostname
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNHostname/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv4
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv4/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv6
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv6/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRI
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRI/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRIReference
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRIReference/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#JsonPointer
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#JsonPointer/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Password
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Password/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#RelativeJsonPointer
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#RelativeJsonPointer/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#UUID
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#UUID/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URI
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URI/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URIReference
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URIReference/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URITemplate
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#URITemplate/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Time
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Time/value
      type: string
    type: record
- class: DockerRequirement
  dockerPull: ghcr.io/eoap/application-package-patterns/vegetation-indexes:0.1.1
- class: InlineJavascriptRequirement
- class: InitialWorkDirRequirement
  listing:
  - entryname: stage.py
    entry: |-
      import sys
      import requests
      import planetary_computer

      href = sys.argv[1]

      signed_url = planetary_computer.sign(href)
      output_path = "staged"

      response = requests.get(signed_url, stream=True)
      response.raise_for_status()  # Raise an error for bad status codes

      with open(output_path, "wb") as f:
          for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
              f.write(chunk)

      print(f"Downloaded to {output_path}")

      empty_arg = sys.argv[2]
cwlVersion: v1.2
baseCommand:
- python
- stage.py
arguments:
- $( inputs.reference.value )
- $( inputs.another_input )

3. Parsing existing data structures¶

Users can load CWL Worflow(s) even from existing dictionaries:

In [5]:

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from cwl_loader import load_cwl_from_yaml

cwl_document = load_cwl_from_yaml(
    raw_process={
        "cwlVersion": "v1.2",
        "inputs": {
            "api_endpoint": {
                "doc": "STAC API endpoint for Landsat-9 data",
                "type": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/api-endpoint.yaml#APIEndpoint",
                "label": "STAC API endpoint",
            },
            "search_request": {
                "doc": "STAC API settings for Landsat-9 data",
                "type": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/discovery.yaml#STACSearchSettings",
                "label": "STAC API settings",
            },
        },
        "requirements": [
            {"class": "InlineJavascriptRequirement"},
            {"class": "NetworkAccess", "networkAccess": True},
            {
                "class": "SchemaDefRequirement",
                "types": [
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/geojson.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/api-endpoint.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/discovery.yaml"
                    },
                ],
            },
        ],
        "doc": "This tool uses the STAC Client to search for STAC items\n",
        "class": "CommandLineTool",
        "baseCommand": ["stac-client"],
        "label": "STAC Client Tool",
        "arguments": [
            "search",
            "$(inputs.api_endpoint.url.value)",
            "${ const args = []; const collections = inputs.search_request.collections; args.push('--collections', collections.join(\",\")); return args; }",
            "${ const args = []; const bbox = inputs.search_request?.bbox; if (Array.isArray(bbox) && bbox.length >= 4) { args.push('--bbox', ...bbox.map(String)); } return args; }",
            '${ const args = []; const limit = inputs.search_request?.limit; args.push("--limit", (limit ?? 10).toString()); return args; }',
            "${ const maxItems = 5; return ['--max-items', maxItems.toString()]; }",
            "${ const args = []; const filter = inputs.search_request?.filter; const filterLang = inputs.search_request?.['filter-lang']; if (filterLang) { args.push('--filter-lang', filterLang); } if (filter) { args.push('--filter', JSON.stringify(filter)); } return args; }",
            "${ const datetime = inputs.search_request?.datetime; const datetimeInterval = inputs.search_request?.datetime_interval; if (datetime) { return ['--datetime', datetime]; } else if (datetimeInterval) { const start = datetimeInterval.start?.value || '..'; const end = datetimeInterval.end?.value || '..'; return ['--datetime', `${start}/${end}`]; } return []; }",
            "${ const ids = inputs.search_request?.ids; const args = []; if (Array.isArray(ids) && ids.length > 0) { args.push('--ids', ...ids.map(String)); } return args; }",
            "${ const intersects = inputs.search_request?.intersects; if (intersects) { return ['--intersects', JSON.stringify(intersects)]; } return []; }",
            "--save",
            "discovery-output.json",
        ],
        "outputs": {
            "search_output": {
                "outputBinding": {"glob": "discovery-output.json"},
                "type": "File",
            }
        },
        "id": "stac-client",
        "hints": [
            {
                "dockerPull": "docker.io/library/stac-client",
                "class": "DockerRequirement",
            }
        ],
    }
)

dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)
from cwl_loader import load_cwl_from_yaml

cwl_document = load_cwl_from_yaml(
    raw_process={
        "cwlVersion": "v1.2",
        "inputs": {
            "api_endpoint": {
                "doc": "STAC API endpoint for Landsat-9 data",
                "type": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/api-endpoint.yaml#APIEndpoint",
                "label": "STAC API endpoint",
            },
            "search_request": {
                "doc": "STAC API settings for Landsat-9 data",
                "type": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/discovery.yaml#STACSearchSettings",
                "label": "STAC API settings",
            },
        },
        "requirements": [
            {"class": "InlineJavascriptRequirement"},
            {"class": "NetworkAccess", "networkAccess": True},
            {
                "class": "SchemaDefRequirement",
                "types": [
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/geojson.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/api-endpoint.yaml"
                    },
                    {
                        "$import": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/discovery.yaml"
                    },
                ],
            },
        ],
        "doc": "This tool uses the STAC Client to search for STAC items\n",
        "class": "CommandLineTool",
        "baseCommand": ["stac-client"],
        "label": "STAC Client Tool",
        "arguments": [
            "search",
            "$(inputs.api_endpoint.url.value)",
            "${ const args = []; const collections = inputs.search_request.collections; args.push('--collections', collections.join(\",\")); return args; }",
            "${ const args = []; const bbox = inputs.search_request?.bbox; if (Array.isArray(bbox) && bbox.length >= 4) { args.push('--bbox', ...bbox.map(String)); } return args; }",
            '${ const args = []; const limit = inputs.search_request?.limit; args.push("--limit", (limit ?? 10).toString()); return args; }',
            "${ const maxItems = 5; return ['--max-items', maxItems.toString()]; }",
            "${ const args = []; const filter = inputs.search_request?.filter; const filterLang = inputs.search_request?.['filter-lang']; if (filterLang) { args.push('--filter-lang', filterLang); } if (filter) { args.push('--filter', JSON.stringify(filter)); } return args; }",
            "${ const datetime = inputs.search_request?.datetime; const datetimeInterval = inputs.search_request?.datetime_interval; if (datetime) { return ['--datetime', datetime]; } else if (datetimeInterval) { const start = datetimeInterval.start?.value || '..'; const end = datetimeInterval.end?.value || '..'; return ['--datetime', `${start}/${end}`]; } return []; }",
            "${ const ids = inputs.search_request?.ids; const args = []; if (Array.isArray(ids) && ids.length > 0) { args.push('--ids', ...ids.map(String)); } return args; }",
            "${ const intersects = inputs.search_request?.intersects; if (intersects) { return ['--intersects', JSON.stringify(intersects)]; } return []; }",
            "--save",
            "discovery-output.json",
        ],
        "outputs": {
            "search_output": {
                "outputBinding": {"glob": "discovery-output.json"},
                "type": "File",
            }
        },
        "id": "stac-client",
        "hints": [
            {
                "dockerPull": "docker.io/library/stac-client",
                "class": "DockerRequirement",
            }
        ],
    }
)

dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)

2026-05-05 12:08:04.830 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:132 - No needs to update the Raw CWL document since it targets already the v1.2

2026-05-05 12:08:04.830 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:136 - Parsing the raw CWL document to the CWL Utils DOM...

2026-05-05 12:08:05.960 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:145 - Raw CWL document successfully parsed to the CWL Utils DOM!

2026-05-05 12:08:05.961 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:147 - Dereferencing the steps[].run...

2026-05-05 12:08:05.962 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:151 - steps[].run successfully dereferenced! Dereferencing the FQNs...

2026-05-05 12:08:05.963 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:155 - CWL document successfully dereferenced! Now verifying steps[].run integrity...

2026-05-05 12:08:05.963 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:161 - All steps[].run link are resolvable!

2026-05-05 12:08:05.964 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:164 - Sorting Process instances by dependencies....

2026-05-05 12:08:05.965 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:166 - Sorting process is over.

id: stac-client
class: CommandLineTool
label: STAC Client Tool
doc: "This tool uses the STAC Client to search for STAC items\n"
inputs:
- id: api_endpoint
  label: STAC API endpoint
  doc: STAC API endpoint for Landsat-9 data
  type: 
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/api-endpoint.yaml#APIEndpoint
- id: search_request
  label: STAC API settings
  doc: STAC API settings for Landsat-9 data
  type: 
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/experimental/discovery.yaml#STACSearchSettings
outputs:
- id: search_output
  type: File
  outputBinding:
    glob: discovery-output.json
requirements:
- class: InlineJavascriptRequirement
- class: NetworkAccess
  networkAccess: true
- class: SchemaDefRequirement
  types:
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Date
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Date/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#DateTime
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#DateTime/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Duration
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Duration/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Email
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Email/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Hostname
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Hostname/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNEmail
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNEmail/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNHostname
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IDNHostname/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv4
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv4/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv6
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IPv6/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRI
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRI/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRIReference
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#IRIReference/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#JsonPointer
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#JsonPointer/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
      https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Password
    fields:
    - name: 
        https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/schemas/main/string_format.yaml#Password/value
      type: string
    type: record
  - name: 
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    fields:
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hints:
- class: DockerRequirement
  dockerPull: docker.io/library/stac-client
cwlVersion: v1.2
baseCommand:
- stac-client
arguments:
- search
- $(inputs.api_endpoint.url.value)
- ${ const args = []; const collections = inputs.search_request.collections; 
  args.push('--collections', collections.join(",")); return args; }
- ${ const args = []; const bbox = inputs.search_request?.bbox; if 
  (Array.isArray(bbox) && bbox.length >= 4) { args.push('--bbox', 
  ...bbox.map(String)); } return args; }
- ${ const args = []; const limit = inputs.search_request?.limit; 
  args.push("--limit", (limit ?? 10).toString()); return args; }
- ${ const maxItems = 5; return ['--max-items', maxItems.toString()]; }
- ${ const args = []; const filter = inputs.search_request?.filter; const 
  filterLang = inputs.search_request?.['filter-lang']; if (filterLang) { 
  args.push('--filter-lang', filterLang); } if (filter) { args.push('--filter', 
  JSON.stringify(filter)); } return args; }
- ${ const datetime = inputs.search_request?.datetime; const datetimeInterval = 
  inputs.search_request?.datetime_interval; if (datetime) { return 
  ['--datetime', datetime]; } else if (datetimeInterval) { const start = 
  datetimeInterval.start?.value || '..'; const end = datetimeInterval.end?.value
  || '..'; return ['--datetime', `${start}/${end}`]; } return []; }
- ${ const ids = inputs.search_request?.ids; const args = []; if 
  (Array.isArray(ids) && ids.length > 0) { args.push('--ids', 
  ...ids.map(String)); } return args; }
- ${ const intersects = inputs.search_request?.intersects; if (intersects) { 
  return ['--intersects', JSON.stringify(intersects)]; } return []; }
- --save
- discovery-output.json

4. Parsing conditional Workflow¶

In [6]:

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cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location(
    "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl"
)
dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)
cwl_document = load_cwl_from_location(
    "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl"
)
dump_cwl(process=cwl_document, stream=sys.stderr)

2026-05-05 12:08:06.042 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_location:225 - Loading CWL document from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.104 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_load_cwl_from_stream:228 - Reading stream from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.125 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_stream:195 - CWL data of type <class 'ruamel.yaml.comments.CommentedMap'> successfully loaded from stream

2026-05-05 12:08:06.126 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:132 - No needs to update the Raw CWL document since it targets already the v1.2

2026-05-05 12:08:06.126 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:136 - Parsing the raw CWL document to the CWL Utils DOM...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.383 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:145 - Raw CWL document successfully parsed to the CWL Utils DOM!

2026-05-05 12:08:06.384 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:147 - Dereferencing the steps[].run...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.384 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:54 - Checking if https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl#stac must be externally imported...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.385 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:58 - run_url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl - uri: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl

2026-05-05 12:08:06.386 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:54 - Checking if https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl#rio_stack must be externally imported...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.386 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:58 - run_url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl - uri: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl

2026-05-05 12:08:06.387 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:54 - Checking if https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl#rio_warp_stack must be externally imported...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.387 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:58 - run_url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl - uri: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl

2026-05-05 12:08:06.388 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:54 - Checking if https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl#rio_color must be externally imported...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.388 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_on_process:58 - run_url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl - uri: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl

2026-05-05 12:08:06.389 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:151 - steps[].run successfully dereferenced! Dereferencing the FQNs...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.389 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:155 - CWL document successfully dereferenced! Now verifying steps[].run integrity...

2026-05-05 12:08:06.390 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:161 - All steps[].run link are resolvable!

2026-05-05 12:08:06.391 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:164 - Sorting Process instances by dependencies....

2026-05-05 12:08:06.391 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:load_cwl_from_yaml:166 - Sorting process is over.

2026-05-05 12:08:06.392 | DEBUG    | cwl_loader:_load_cwl_from_stream:238 - Stream from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eoap/how-to/refs/heads/main/cwl-workflows/conditional-workflows.cwl successfully load!

cwlVersion: v1.2
$graph:
- id: main
  class: Workflow
  inputs:
  - id: stac-item
    type: string
  - id: epsg_code
    default: native
    type: string
  - id: bands
    type:
      name: _:93f03b73-a136-4864-bcd7-aa83c992c43b
      items: string
      type: array
  outputs:
  - id: rgb-tif
    outputSource: step_color/rgb
    type: File
  - id: stack
    outputSource:
    - step_stack/stacked
    - step_warp_stack/stacked
    pickValue: the_only_non_null
    type: File
  requirements:
  - class: InlineJavascriptRequirement
  - class: NetworkAccess
    networkAccess: true
  - class: ScatterFeatureRequirement
  - class: MultipleInputFeatureRequirement
  cwlVersion: v1.2
  steps:
  - id: step_curl
    in:
    - id: stac_item
      source: stac-item
    - id: common_band_name
      source: bands
    out:
    - hrefs
    run: '#stac'
    scatter: step_curl/common_band_name
    scatterMethod: dotproduct
  - id: step_stack
    in:
    - id: tiffs
      source: step_curl/hrefs
    - id: epsg_code
      source: epsg_code
    out:
    - stacked
    run: '#rio_stack'
    when: $( inputs.epsg_code == "native")
  - id: step_warp_stack
    in:
    - id: tiffs
      source: step_curl/hrefs
    - id: epsg_code
      source: epsg_code
    out:
    - stacked
    run: '#rio_warp_stack'
    when: $( inputs.epsg_code != "native")
  - id: step_color
    in:
    - id: stacked
      source:
      - step_stack/stacked
      - step_warp_stack/stacked
      pickValue: the_only_non_null
    out:
    - rgb
    run: '#rio_color'
- id: rio_stack
  class: CommandLineTool
  inputs:
  - id: tiffs
    type:
      name: _:3ea285dd-63b9-4b30-ba24-11f9d0d6d55d
      items: string
      type: array
  outputs:
  - id: stacked
    type: File
    outputBinding:
      glob: stacked.tif
  requirements:
  - class: DockerRequirement
    dockerPull: ghcr.io/eoap/how-to/rio:1.0.0
  - class: EnvVarRequirement
    envDef:
    - envName: GDAL_TIFF_INTERNAL_MASK
      envValue: YES
    - envName: GDAL_HTTP_MERGE_CONSECUTIVE_RANGES
      envValue: YES
    - envName: CPL_VSIL_CURL_ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS
      envValue: .tif
  - class: InitialWorkDirRequirement
    listing:
    - entryname: run.sh
      entry: |-
        #!/bin/bash
        rio stack $@
  cwlVersion: v1.2
  baseCommand:
  - /bin/bash
  - run.sh
  arguments:
  - valueFrom: |
      ${  
        var arr = [];
        for(var i=0; i<inputs.tiffs.length; i++) {
            arr.push(inputs.tiffs[i]); 
        }
        return arr; 
        }
  - stacked.tif
- id: stac
  class: CommandLineTool
  inputs:
  - id: stac_item
    type: string
  - id: common_band_name
    type: string
  outputs:
  - id: hrefs
    type: string
    outputBinding:
      loadContents: true
      glob: message
      outputEval: |
        ${
          const assets = JSON.parse(self[0].contents).assets;
          const bandKey = Object.keys(assets).find(key =>
            assets[key]['eo:bands'] &&
            assets[key]['eo:bands'].length === 1 &&
            assets[key]['eo:bands'].some(band => band.common_name === inputs.common_band_name)
          );
          if (!bandKey) {
            throw new Error(`No valid asset found for band: ${inputs.common_band_name}`);
          }
          return assets[bandKey].href;
        }
  requirements:
  - class: DockerRequirement
    dockerPull: docker.io/curlimages/curl:latest
  cwlVersion: v1.2
  baseCommand: curl
  arguments:
  - $( inputs.stac_item )
  stdout: message
- id: rio_color
  class: CommandLineTool
  inputs:
  - id: stacked
    type: File
  outputs:
  - id: rgb
    type: File
    outputBinding:
      glob: rgb.tif
  requirements:
  - class: DockerRequirement
    dockerPull: ghcr.io/eoap/how-to/rio:1.0.0
  - class: InitialWorkDirRequirement
    listing:
    - entryname: run.sh
      entry: |-
        #!/bin/bash
        rio color -j -1 --out-dtype uint8 $1 rgb.tif "gamma 3 0.95, sigmoidal rgb 35 0.13"
  cwlVersion: v1.2
  baseCommand:
  - /bin/bash
  - run.sh
  arguments:
  - $( inputs.stacked.path )
- id: rio_warp_stack
  class: CommandLineTool
  inputs:
  - id: tiffs
    type:
      name: _:cda377ed-7851-4899-9e0b-aba08522ccb1
      items: string
      type: array
  - id: epsg_code
    type: string
  outputs:
  - id: stacked
    type: File
    outputBinding:
      glob: warped.tif
  requirements:
  - class: DockerRequirement
    dockerPull: ghcr.io/eoap/how-to/rio:1.0.0
  - class: EnvVarRequirement
    envDef:
    - envName: GDAL_TIFF_INTERNAL_MASK
      envValue: YES
    - envName: GDAL_HTTP_MERGE_CONSECUTIVE_RANGES
      envValue: YES
    - envName: CPL_VSIL_CURL_ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS
      envValue: .tif
  - class: InitialWorkDirRequirement
    listing:
    - entryname: run.sh
      entry: |-
        #!/bin/bash
        rio stack $@

        rio warp --dst-crs $(inputs.epsg_code) stacked.tif warped.tif
  cwlVersion: v1.2
  baseCommand:
  - /bin/bash
  - run.sh
  arguments:
  - valueFrom: |
      ${  
        var arr = [];
        for(var i=0; i<inputs.tiffs.length; i++) {
            arr.push(inputs.tiffs[i]); 
        }
        return arr; 
        }
  - stacked.tif